Material Guide: Cellulose
Cellulose is a versatile and sustainable textile material that has been gaining popularity in the fashion industry due to its eco-friendly properties. Derived from plants, cellulose fibres offer a natural alternative to synthetic fabrics and can be produced in a way that reduces environmental impact.
One of the main advantages of cellulose is its biodegradability. Unlike synthetic materials such as polyester and nylon, cellulose can break down naturally without releasing harmful microplastics into the environment. Additionally, the production process for cellulose fibres can be less resource-intensive than that of synthetic materials, as it requires fewer chemicals and can use renewable resources such as wood pulp. A lifecycle assessment including several textile materials showed that cellulose has the lowest environmental impact.
However, it is important to note that not all cellulose fibres are created equal in terms of environmental impact. Some methods of producing cellulose, such as the traditional viscose process, have been criticised for their use of harmful chemicals and high water consumption. One study concluded that production in Europe had a lower water footprint than regular cotton production but that cellulose produced in Asia has a higher footprint than regular cotton. As such, it is important for companies to prioritise sustainable and ethical production methods when using cellulose fibres.
Thankfully, there are pioneering companies in the fashion industry that are leading the way in using sustainable cellulose textiles. One such company is TENCEL™, which produces a range of cellulose-based fibres using a closed-loop production process that recycles water and minimizes waste. Another example is the brand Reformation, which uses a mix of TENCEL™ and other sustainable materials in its clothing to create fashionable and eco-friendly pieces.
Overall, cellulose is a promising textile material with great potential for reducing environmental impact in the fashion industry. By prioritizing sustainable production methods and supporting innovative companies, we can work towards a more sustainable future for fashion.